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Grapes pruning management - Part 1
Advisory ArticleAgroStar Agronomy Centre of Excellence
Grapes pruning management - Part 1
The upcoming season is the most important for grapes crop. In most parts of Maharashtra, pruning is done between September and November. The most important stage between pruning is the management of nutrients.
Let us understand about some important things which need to be a part of nutrient management. Be it grape vines or any other irrigated fruit crop, total 16 constituents are needed for main, secondary and micro nutrients. In these, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash are the main. Sulphur, Calcium and Magnesium are secondary and Zinc, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Boron and Molybdenum are needed as micro nutrients. If all these nutrients are available from time to time, there will be a bumper produce and of good quality too. For vineyard, the fertilizers should be used as below: If there is regular soil, 18:46 (DAP) 100 kg, Sulphate of Potash 75 kg, Sulphur 5 kg, Zinc Sulphate 10 kg, Ferrous Sulphate 7 kg, Borax 3 kg, Calcium Nitrate 10 kg and Magnesium Sulphate 10 kg/acre should be used. If the soil has limestone then Urea 50 kg, Single Super Phosphate 200 kg and Sulphate of Potash 75 kg should be applied and the remaining nutrients should be given as above only. Along with the use of chemical fertilizers, use of organic fertilizers is important and to have more produce and avoid unhealthy fruits, well composed FYM or vermicompost should be used. Another option is to use green manures such as jute or dhencha and it should be buried on the ridges to improve the texture of the soil. The use of organic fertilizers improves nitrogen-carbon ratio in the soil (the ration of 1:10 is considered to be proper). When nitrogen-carbon ratio is proper, then there is no obstacle to get a good produce. To avoid loss of fruits, many chemical growth regulators are used, which are quite expensive. Rather than spending money on them, it is better to keep a watch on the nitrogen-carbon ratio and work on it. Correct method to apply fertilizers to the grapevines: To give fertilizers, a trench should be made between two vines using a spade and its width should be 1 feet, length at least 3 feet and depth 10 to 15 cms. In this trench, at the bottom, FYM or green manure should be kept. After that all chemical fertilizers should be spread and then a light thin layer of soil should be used to cover it. A drip should be kept exactly above this trench. This will ensure that the water will fall directly on the mixture of nutrients and will go further down. This will lead to the roots growing in that place only and as it will be airy, there will be many benefits of it.
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