Rust is a fungal disease. Infestation of black rust and orange rust is observed in Maharashtra. Black rust - This disease is observed in the ear head stage of the crop. The infestation of black rust is observed on the stem, petiole and ear heads. When the leaves get infested first, the white stripes due to chlorosis are seen. After that in favourable climate, uredospores having red colour like fungus are developed in that place. It has many uredos. As the crop grows and as the temperature rises, the uredospores are transformed into black coloured teleutospores. The disease spreads fast if the temperature ranges between 14 to 23 degrees celsius. If the disease attacks in the early stages of the crop, then it causes heavy damage to the crop. The yield decreases by more than half. Orange rust - This disease is observed on the leaves and petioles on the stem of the wheat. The symptoms of this disease are observed from the sapling stage to the maturity stage. When infested, small spots of round shape are observed. After some period, round lesions of orange colour are observed on the leaves and petioles. These lesions are first observed on the upper surface of the leaves and after some period, they are observed on both the parts. This disease is mostly spread through air. If we touch the infested leaves with finger, orange coloured powder sticks to it. The temperature range of 15 to 20 degrees celsius is favorable for this disease. Crop management: 1) A balanced dose of chemical fertilizers should be given. Do not give urea more than the recommended dose. 2) Rust resistant variety should be chosen for sowing. 3) Sowing should be done on time. Water should be given as per the crop’s need. 4) As soon as the symptoms of rust disease are observed, Mancozeb 2.5 gms/liter of water should be sprayed. Budhimaan aur Balwan! Jai Kisan!