• In the winter, cows and buffaloes eat fodder for a longer time and rest for more time. • They masticate. So the digestive capacity of the nutrients increases. The nutrients are used efficiently for milk production. The calves grow faster. • The expenses on labour and fodder are reduced. The time spent on sterilization and cleaning is reduced. • Changes can be made in the cattle shed as per need. Such sheds are multi purpose. They can be used for cattle in all the seasons with minor changes. They are easy to expand. • As the cows and buffaloes roam freely in the shed, they are not under mental stress. They eat fodder, mineral mixture and drink water as per their need and choice. So their natural eating habits are maintained. • As animals can roam freely, they get exercise. They are healthy. Their hunger and eating capacity increases. Their toe nails need not be cut. Their fat reduces and reproductive capacity increases. The cow, buffalo on heat can be easily identified. • For a specific duration 10 to 15% more animals than the capacity can stay in the shed. • Construction cost is less. Threat of damage is less. • Research shows that, as compared to the traditional closed sheds, the calves in the free range sheds have improvement in terms of growth, the expense in the growth stage, milch cows and milk production of buffaloes and quality of milk (fat and non-fat contents). In open ventilated shed, the buffalo calves get protection from harsh sunlight in summer, so their age of first calving is reduced by 100 days and the milk production increases by 150 liters. Reference- Agrowon 27th October 17